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Date : approx. between 1475 and 1485
Material : Tempera on canvas
Acquisition : Max and leola Epstein Collection (1954)
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European Painting
Painting
Area related
Florence (Italy)
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Sandro Boticelli's works mark the culmination of mystical religious tradition in Florentine Renaissance art, leading from the paintings of Fra Angelico (1400-1455), through those of Fra Filippo Lippi (c. 1406-1469), Boticelli's teacher, to the piety of Boticelli's own late style, which was influenced by the fervent religious reformer Fra Girolamo Savonarola.
The tender embrace of Virgin and Child and the Madonna's wistful attitude are typical of Boticelli's lyrical approach. The Virgin's expression indicates her foreknowledge of Christ's crucifixion. An earlier version of this composition, probably created before 1470 (Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena), betray the influence of Andrea del Verrocchio (1435-1488), head of the most important artistic workshop in Florence, where Botticelli had been employed. In the print work, the artist transformed the sharp, sculptural features if the earlier painting; in the rhythm of its drapery and the softly modeled flesh of the figures, the Art Institute's picture is closest in style to such mature works as the "Primavera" and the "Birth of Venus" (both now in the Ufizzi Gallery, Florence). Infrared reflectography reveals that, under the surface of this painting, there exists a lively underdrawing with many creative changes to the Christ Child. These revisions indicate that the Art Institute's painting was executed by the master himself, and not by a workshop assistant, as was once suggested.
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